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OBJECTIVE: To find out differences in the presentation, management and outcomes of COVID-19 infected STEMI patients compared to age and sex-matched non-infected STEMI patients treated during the same period. METHODS: This was a retrospective multicentre observational registry in which we collected data of COVID-19 positive STEMI patients from selected tertiary care hospitals across India. For every COVID-19 positive STEMI patient, two age and sex-matched COVID-19 negative STEMI patients were enrolled as control. The primary endpoint was a composite of in-hospital mortality, re-infarction, heart failure, and stroke. RESULTS: 410 COVID-19 positive STEMI cases were compared with 799 COVID-19 negative STEMI cases. The composite of death/reinfarction/stroke/heart failure was significantly higher among the COVID-19 positive STEMI patients compared with COVID-19 negative STEMI cases (27.1% vs 20.7% p value = 0.01); though mortality rate did not differ significantly (8.0% vs 5.8% p value = 0.13). Significantly lower proportion of COVID-19 positive STEMI patients received reperfusion treatment and primary PCI (60.7% vs 71.1% p value=< 0.001 and 15.4% vs 23.4% p value = 0.001 respectively). Rate of systematic early PCI (pharmaco-invasive treatment) was significantly lower in the COVID-19 positive group compared with COVID-19 negative group. There was no difference in the prevalence of high thrombus burden (14.5% and 12.0% p value = 0.55 among COVID-19 positive and negative patients respectively) CONCLUSIONS: In this large registry of STEMI patients, we did not find significant excess in in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 co-infected patients compared with non-infected patients despite lower rate of primary PCI and reperfusion treatment, though composite of in-hospital mortality, re-infarction, stroke and heart failure was higher.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has expanded all over the globe in a short span of time. It has created a colossal impact on the environment leading to severe consequences. Since March 2020, India has witnessed untold misery and suffering when millions of people have been hit by virus. The pandemic poses both enormous problems as well as several opportunities for the countries to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set out according to the agenda by the year 2030. The SDGs consist pragmatically of different aspects of humans and their environmental well-being, and achieving it will provide ecology with a stable and sustainable life by maintaining the health of our green planet also. It has been damaged by a devastating blow due to Covid-19. The pandemic is bound to have consequences that will have an impact for years to come. The continuous decline in the economy of India with inclination in COVID-19 cases has resulted in an uneven track to fulfilling, meeting, and delivering the SDGs by 2030. The devastating impact on all 17 goals has already endangered the achievements made earlier. COVID-19's effects have highlighted the fundamental need for human well-being. This paper exclusively highlights the SDGs in India which have faced or likely to face an impact due to pandemic and the roadmap for future action to achieve Agenda 2030. This research will also help in understanding the effect of the pandemic on SDGs at state level as in countries around the globe. The paper would open a wide area of research for policymakers to strengthen the SDGs in line with the current pandemic situation. © 2022 IEEE.